Which term refers to the soil's capacity to support plant growth?

Fertility is the term that describes the soil's capacity to support plant growth. It encompasses various factors that contribute to the ability of the soil to provide essential nutrients, water, and a suitable environment for root development. Fertile soil contains a rich mix of organic matter, minerals, and has a balanced structure that allows for good aeration and drainage, which are crucial for healthy plant growth.

Soil quality refers to a broader assessment that includes not only fertility but also factors like soil structure, microbial activity, and the presence of pollutants. While soil composition does refer to the physical and chemical make-up of the soil, it does not specifically address its ability to support plant life. The pH level measures the acidity or alkalinity of the soil, which can influence plant growth but does not solely define whether the soil is capable of supporting it.

Thus, fertility is the most precise term regarding a soil’s ability to sustain and promote healthy plant growth.