Which term refers to the type and amount of food consumed by individuals?

The term that refers to the type and amount of food consumed by individuals is "diet." This encompasses both the specific foods chosen and the overall eating patterns that an individual follows. Diet is not just about calories or specific nutrients; it reflects a broader view of how individuals approach their meals and what they include in their daily food consumption. Thus, when discussing what people eat, "diet" is the most comprehensive and appropriate term.

Nutrition, while related, focuses more on the biochemical aspects of foods and how they affect the body rather than the actual consumption habits of individuals. Caloric intake is specific to the number of calories consumed and does not capture the variety of foods involved. Food culture refers to the social, historical, and cultural aspects that shape dietary practices but again does not directly denote the type and amount of food consumed by an individual.