Which of the following refers to arable crops?

Arable crops are defined as crops that are cultivated on arable land, which is land that can be plowed and used for growing crops. The correct answer identifies wheat, barley, and oats, which are all examples of cereal crops typically grown on such land. These crops are primarily cultivated for their seeds or grains, making them significant in agriculture for food production and livestock feed.

The other options include crops that do not strictly fall into the category of arable crops. Rice and maize, while also important agricultural products, may require more specific growing conditions associated with wetland or paddy fields. Potatoes and carrots are root vegetables that can grow in a variety of soils but are often classified separately from traditional arable grains. Fruits and nuts are considered horticultural produce and involve a different cultivation process that often includes orchards rather than the field cropping associated with arable farming.