Which of the following activities are categorized as water sports?

Canoeing is categorized as a water sport because it involves the use of a canoe to navigate water bodies such as rivers, lakes, or seas. This activity is specifically performed on water and requires skills related to paddling, balance, and maneuvering the canoe through various water conditions. Water sports are generally defined as recreational activities that take place on or in water, and canoeing fits squarely within this definition due to its reliance on aquatic environments and the unique challenges they present, such as currents and waves.

In contrast, hiking, mountain climbing, and bird watching are primarily land-based activities. Hiking involves walking through terrains such as trails or forests, while mountain climbing focuses on ascending rocky terrains, and bird watching is centered around observing birds in their natural habitats, typically on land or in the air. These activities do not involve direct interaction with water in the same way that canoeing does, which solidifies the classification of canoeing as a water sport.