What process involves channeling water from rivers to cultivate crops?

The process of channeling water from rivers to cultivate crops is known as irrigation. This method is essential in agriculture, especially in areas where rainfall is insufficient or irregular. By controlling the water supply, farmers can ensure that their crops receive the necessary moisture throughout the growing season, thereby enhancing growth and improving yields.

Irrigation can take various forms, including surface irrigation, where water flows over the soil, and drip irrigation, which delivers water directly to the plant roots. The effective use of irrigation helps optimize water resources, promotes agricultural productivity, and supports food security in many regions.

In contrast, drainage refers to the removal of excess water from land to prevent waterlogging, while flooding is an uncontrolled overflow of water that can damage crops. Harvesting is the process of gathering mature crops from the fields, not the management of water supply during cultivation. Thus, the correct answer fundamentally reflects the agricultural practice of applying water effectively to support crop growth.