What is the term used to describe material that is deposited or left behind when a river loses its energy?

The term that refers to material that is deposited or left behind when a river loses its energy is deposition. Deposition occurs when the velocity of the river decreases, causing it to lose the ability to carry sediment. This process can happen in various situations, such as when a river bends, enters a larger body of water, or slows down due to reduced gradient. As a result, the sediment, which can consist of sand, silt, and clay, is left behind in the riverbed, banks, or the surrounding landscape.

Understanding deposition is crucial in geology and geography, as it shapes river valleys, deltas, and floodplains, contributing to the formation of landforms that can significantly impact the ecosystem.