What is the term for money given by a government to support a specific project or area?

The term "subsidy" refers to financial assistance granted by a government to encourage or support a specific project, business, or sector of the economy. This support can help lower costs and promote growth in areas deemed important for public welfare or economic stability. Subsidies can take various forms, such as direct cash payments, tax breaks, or grants specifically allocated for certain industries, such as agriculture, renewable energy, or housing.

While "grant" is also a type of financial aid, it is often more narrowly defined as an amount of money given for a specific purpose that does not need to be repaid. The term "funding" is broader and encompasses all forms of financial support, including loans, grants, and subsidies. On the other hand, "endowment" generally refers to assets or donations that are invested to generate income, often for educational institutions or non-profit organizations, making it less applicable to direct supportive financial assistance from governments.