What is population density a measure of?

Population density is a measure that represents the average number of people living in a specific area, typically expressed as people per square kilometer or mile. This measurement provides insights into how crowded or spaced out a population is within a designated geographic region. High population density often indicates more urbanized areas where housing, jobs, and services are in closer proximity, whereas low population density might reflect rural or less developed regions where people live further apart. Understanding population density is essential for urban planning, resource allocation, and analyzing social dynamics within different areas.

The other choices relate to different concepts: the total number of births refers to demographic changes, the number of natural disasters pertains to environmental impact assessments, and the number of resources per person deals with sustainability and economic conditions, rather than the direct measurement of how many people reside in a given space.