What international organization was established in 1945 as the successor to the League of Nations?

The correct answer is the United Nations, which was established in 1945 as a response to the failures of the League of Nations. The United Nations (UN) was created to promote international cooperation, peace, and security, aiming to prevent future conflicts after the devastating impacts of World War II. It has since played a central role in addressing global issues such as human rights, humanitarian aid, and sustainable development.

The World Health Organization, while also established under the UN in 1948, specifically focuses on global public health. The International Monetary Fund, founded in 1944, primarily deals with financial stability and economic cooperation. NATO, formed in 1949, is a military alliance meant to ensure collective defense among its member nations rather than an international organization focused on broad diplomatic and social issues. Each of these organizations serves different functions, but the UN is the entity that directly succeeded the League of Nations in promoting worldwide peace and cooperation.