What activity involves maneuvering four-wheel drive cars over rough terrain?

The activity that involves maneuvering four-wheel drive cars over rough terrain is known as off-roading. This term specifically refers to driving on unpaved surfaces that may include dirt roads, rocky trails, sand dunes, or other challenging landscapes that require the vehicle's ability to handle difficult conditions. Off-roading is distinct in its focus on navigating various natural environments, often involving obstacles like mud, rocks, and steep inclines.

Trail driving also involves navigating rough terrain, but it is more specifically focused on designated paths or trails rather than a general off-road experience. Cross-country racing is a competitive sport that may involve rough terrain, but it emphasizes speed and competition rather than the recreational aspect of off-roading. Adventure driving is a broader term that can include various forms of driving and exploration, but it doesn't exclusively refer to the rugged, specialized terrain that off-roading entails. Therefore, off-roading is the most accurate term for the activity described in the question.